The Study
This study, conducted by Vern D. Seefeldt, professor emeritus of physical education and exercise science, and Martha E. Ewing, associate professor of physical education, with the Institute for the Study of Youth Sports at Michigan State University, documented youth and adolescent participation in sports, explored the positive and negative consequences of sports participation and set forth recommendations to enhance the potential for youth sports in meeting the needs of all youth regardless of age, gender, ethnicity or ability. The study examined four categories of community based programs and two types conducted within schools.

The Findings
It is clear that participation in youth sports can have many benefits for the individual and for our society in general. It is also clear that sports is a double-edged sword in that negative consequences may result if programs are not well run. Proper education of coaches, limiting the influence of overzealous promoters and paying attention to important guidelines outlined by various professional associations are all factors which can help sports programs have optimal benefits for youth.

What It Means to You
Children and youth in your school system can benefit from participation in youth sports activities if appropriate guidelines are followed. Programs can be enhanced by: Exposing children to a broad array of sports opportunities during their elementary years. Emphasizing instruction rather than competition in early childhood sports programs. Introducing youth to sports that have potential for lifetime use. Instituting equitable programs that will meet the needs of all youth. Designing programs to utilize communities as partners in the delivery of sports programs. Increasing the number of women and minority coaches in youth sports programs. Providing educational programs for all coaches of youth sports teams to increase their knowledge of psychology of coaching/teaching, first aid, injury prevention and emergency care.

For More Information
Consult Seefeldt, V.D. and Ewing, M.E., "Youth Sports in America: An Overview," (1997), Research Digest, Series 2, No. 11, September, President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.

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